TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS
OLDER MEDICATIONS FOR DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
Group Main Use | Medication Brand/Generic |
Form | Dose Schedule | Dose Range | Most Common Side Effects for Group | Pros for Group | Cautions for Group |
TCA Tricylic Antidepressants (depression, anxiety panic, migraines, sleep) |
Elavil (Amitriptyline) Pamelor (Nortipyline) Sinequan (Doxepin) (Silenor) Tofranil (Imipramine) |
Tablets (not scored) 10, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150mg Capsules Doxepin Pamelor Liquid Pamelor Doxepin |
Usually once a day in the evening Split dose may be useful (a.m. and p.m.) Silenor is a brand of Doxepin for sleep that comes in only 3 and 6mg sizes. |
Child: 25-100 mg Adoles: 50-150 mg Adult: 100-300mg Blood levels may help guide dose. Nortiptyline and Anafranil doses lower. |
Sedation, dry mouth, constipation. Dizziness, high heart rate, fatigue, blurry vision. May worsen abnormal heart rate or glaucoma or slow urination if enlarged prostrate. Occasional sexual side effects. Side-effects usually lessen with time. | Broad range of effects in
depression, panic attacks, sleep, pain, headaches, bed-wetting, ADHD, post
traumatic stress. Does not cut appetite. Helps sleep. Used to prevent migraines. Helps chronic pain. 50 years of well studied experience. Vivactil is more likely to energize than other TCA's. |
Affects many transmitters so
relatively more side effects. May be dangerous in overdose. Labs and EKG usually advised to monitor heart, liver, and level in blood. May increase appetite. Probably less effective than SRI for anxiety except panic. |
Surmontil (trimipramine) |
capsules 25, 50, 100mg |
Start 25 mg 2 to 3 times daily |
50-150mg max 200mg |
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Vivactil (protriptyline) |
tablets 5, 10mg |
Start 5mg 2 or 3 times daily |
15-40mg max: 60mg |
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Anafranil Clomipramine |
capsule 25mg 50mg 75mg |
Evening | 25-300 mg | Same as other TCA | May be the most effective medication for
obsessive-compulsive disorder (The only TCA that often helps due to also
having SRI action) Children often tolerate better than adults. |
Same as other TCA although probably the most side effects, especially for adults. |
All these medications should be taken 7 days a week to be effective. Simultaneous use of alcohol or cigarettes and especially street drugs should be avoided. All antidepressants may increase mania risk in persons with Bipolar (manic-depressive) disorder. All medications should be avoided if possible in pregnancy. This chart is intended to be a summary guide, not a full and complete list.