| Group Main Use | Medication Brand/Generic |
Form | Dose Schedule | Dose Range | Most Common Side Effects for Group | Pros for Group | Cautions for Group |
| SRI Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (depression, anxiety,OCD, panic) |
Prozac (Fluoxetine) |
capsule 10 mg 20 mg 40 mg 90 mg/weekly tablet,
scored liquid |
usually a.m. | Child:
5-20 mg Adoles: 10-40 mg Adults: 20-80 mg |
Increased
energy which may be pleasant or feel like anxiety, agitation or
irritabliity. Zoloft and Paxil may sedate (rarely Prozac), Luvox most
likely to sedate. Celexa is most neutral, regarding energy. Decreased appetite, sometimes with nausea. Less if taken with food. With time, weight may increase. 25-40% experience decreased sex drive or response. Less common: increased urinary frequency, dry mouth or sweating, vivid dreams. |
Once
a day for Prozac, Zoloft, Celexa, and Paxil. Very good safety profile. No labs, no EKG typically needed. No heart side-effects. Few significant interactions except increases tricyclic antidepressant blood levels. Zoloft and Celexa lowest interactions. Excellent for mild, moderate and severe depressions and anxiety disorders including panic, mixed, obsessive compulsive, post traumatic stress and atypical types. May help temper and impulsivity. Very low risk in overdose. Reportedly, low risk in pregnancy and breast feeding. SRI side effects (as with most meds) often lessen with time. Paxil CR is a new Controlled Release, longer lasting, smoother version of Paxil. Luvox, Paxil, Celexa, and Prozac available as generic. Prozac available in once a week form. All SRI help PMS. Lexapro is a refined isomer version of Celexa. |
Any
SRI, especially Prozac, may agitate or disinhibit if excess energy occurs. Switch to evening if sedation occurs. Takes 1-3 weeks to begin to help and 1-3 months for maximum effect. Avoid combination or overlap with MAOI. Discontinuation syndrome (nausea, dizziness, "flu-ish," "out of sorts") may occur if stopped suddenly without taper or skip one or several days. Not dangerous, but unpleasant. More likely with Paxil or Effexor, not with Prozac because it lasts longest. FDA Caution: advise monitor for rare increased suicidal thoughts or behavior especially in kids when first starting medicine. |
| Zoloft (Sertraline) |
tablet,
scored 25 mg 50 mg 100 mg liquid 20mg/cc (100mg=5cc) |
usually
a.m.; evening if sedation |
Child:
25-50 mg Adoles: 50-100 mg Adult: 50-200 mg |
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| Paxil (Paroxetine) Paxil CR |
tablet,
scored 10 mg 20 mg 30 mg 40 mg
liquid |
usually
a.m.,evening if sedation |
Child:
5-30 mg Adoles: 10-60 mg Adult: 10-80 mg |
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| Luvox (Fluvoxamine) |
tablet,
scored 25 mg 50 mg 100 mg |
often
twice a day evening if sedation |
Child:
25-200 mg Adoles: 50-300 mg Adult: 100-300 mg |
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| Celexa (Citalopram)
|
tablet,
scored 10, 20, 40mg liquid 10mg/5cc tablet, scored 5, 10, 20 mg liquid 5mg/5ml |
usually evening if sedation | Child:
5-20mg Adoles: 10-40mg Adult: 10-80mg |
Celexa is similar to other SRI, but may be less frequent side effects and least interactions. | |||
| SNRI Serotonin and Norepinephrine Inhibitors (depression, anxiety, panic, OCD, pain) |
Effexor (Venlafaxine) |
tablet,
scored 25 mg 37.5 mg 75 mg 100 mg XR(extended release) 37.5 mg 75 mg 150 mg |
2
or 3 times a day XR once a day |
Child:
18 3/4-200 mg Adoles: 75-300 mg Adult: 150-375 mg |
Same as other SRI plus sometimes increased sweat or constipation. | Effexor
increases both serotonin and norepinephrine thus affecting two important
neurotransmitter systems, unlike other SRI's. May help attention. May be
broader spectrum effect because of two transmitters increased.
Same as Effexor. Research shows some benefit against pain. |
Slight
risk increased blood pressure at doses over 200 mg total a day. (less than
5% chance.) Discontinuation symptoms (see above) if stopped without taper or if multiple doses missed. Cymbalta became available 9/04. Rare liver injury especially if alcohol abuse. |
| Cymbalta (Duloxetine) |
capsule 20 mg 30 mg 60 mg |
once or twice a day | 30-120 mg usually 60 mg for adults | Similar to SRI and Effexor above. |
All these medications should be taken 7 days a week to be effective.
Simultaneous use of alcohol or cigarettes and especially street drugs should
be avoided. All antidepressants may increase mania risk in persons with
Bipolar (manic-depressive) disorder. All medications should be avoided if
possible in pregnancy. This chart is intended to be a summary guide, not a
full and complete list.